Catholic Exchange

Angels, Part 2

Last week, we discussed the predicament of those who try to avoid the rather strong inference of a universe made by You Know Who via recourse to the so-called "Multiverse" theory. This theory accounts for the extraordinary fine tuning of the universe by positing an infinite number of other universes in which physical laws are all different. Ours just happens to be the lucky one where the one in 10 to the 137th power odds of everything making you and me possible happen to have panned out.

Believe it or not, some people are so eager to get rid of God they will buy those odds. However, most people don't. And so most people don't need to be convinced of the existence of what we call the "supernatural" beyond the visible world of time, space, matter and energy.

The difficulty, as we noted last week, is that "supernature" can refer to many things besides God, but we often have a tough time distinguishing those things from one another much as an amoeba might have trouble distinguishing a child, an adult and a redwood as anything other than "huge". Looking up to Heaven, we human amoebas likewise use "supernatural" to describe not merely the Uncreated God, but also creatures such as angels. Angels are higher in the order of creation than we, but they are still as distinct from God (and even from each other) as they are from us and as we are from beetles.

Partly this confusion is due to natural ignorance. Revelation tells us only what we need to know for the good of our souls. Just as Scripture is not particularly interested in questions of geology, cookery, political science, or physics except insofar as they happen to have to do with the Real Story—God's plan of salvation in Christ Jesus—so it is only interested in angels when they have something to do with that basic story. So revelation tells us angels are real and that they serve God and us for our salvation and for the praise of his glory—and that's about all we know.

It's interesting to note that the amoeba problem goes way back. In the Old Testament, even the inspired writers have a difficult time telling the difference between an angelic messenger and the One who sent them. Frequently, the angel speaks the word of God in an odd mixture of first and third person, leaving the reader to wonder if this is a theophany (a manifestation of God himself) or just an angel. By the time of the New Testament, however, confusing the angelic messenger with his Lord is worthy of rebuke (as John discovers when he prostrates himself before an angel in his Revelation). Angels work in the life of the believer to help us, defend us, and guide us. Always, they are about the work of bring each person and the world closer to the Triune God revealed in Christ Jesus.

 Unfortunately, many Americans are now back to a pre-Mosaic understanding of angels. Much New Age spirituality appears to resemble something like religious methadone treatment: a sort of fuzzy devotion to "angels" as pretty much the whole show, coupled with a curious aversion to the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Such "angels" tend to show up in gooey self-help books that affirm us in our okayness, promise us health and wealth through positive thinking, and assure us that the old tired message of guilt and death and sacrifice and obedience to the Christian God is passé.

I expect that a lot of these reported encounters with angels are just fiction (as indeed, most reported encounters with "orthodox" angels are). But, whether such Christ-denying angels are figments of the imagination or not, they fit the bill for Paul's warning about angels of light.

The truth is this: the point of the spiritual life is not angels any more than the point of driving is traffic signs. An angel who directs you to himself or to your self-sufficient wonderfulness is a devil in disguise. True angels know it's not about them. They love us and rejoice in our love, but they don't want us to love them more than we love God. They are creatures who are completely ordered toward the love of God and the love of his creatures. In the order of nature, they are vastly greater than we are. But because, through Christ, we fallen humans have been joined with the life of the Blessed Trinity, the glory of all true angels is that they now look up to us and are not envious. Since the Incarnation, even a mighty archangel like Gabriel is now less than the least in the kingdom of heaven, because by grace we have been given something the angels can only admire: participation in the divine nature by baptism.

(This piece was first published in the National Catholic Register.)

Comments

  1. Guest Avatar
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    I am very concerned and I am putting my house in order.  This might be the last day – there may not be a Thursday.  When I saw that Mark Shea had posted another article, I expected to see the automatic rebuttal promptly posted by IWall, as certain as Thursday follows Wednesday.  But, lo and behold, not a word (yet) from Iwall.  Thursday is not so certain after all. 

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    hey, nice article mark. 

     

    There is a related question that I haven't really had time to research but would love to get some stronger opinons on.

     

    Most modern physics theory is requires the existance of ( at least ) a 5th demension, which is claimed to be wrapped up in the quatum cicularity where the big bang originated and connected to all points withing space and time.

     To me it is the perfect ( hiding place ) for heavenly creatures as such a demension would.

    1) be a square of time and therfore not function like normal time

    2) all of 'visibility' of all the universe and all posibility at once.

    3) not be a realm where time is strickly sequential

     

    any thoughts?

  3. Guest Avatar
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    I was born on 9/29 (St. Michael's Feast Day-now Feast of the Arch-Angels),so have always had a special connection with angels. My comment is on how many people seem to buy the idea that we "become" angels when we die. I'm sure that's not true, since we do not die, but rather live in Christ, therefore we do not cease to be human and transform into angels. When I mention this fact to people, they seem amazed and then upset and irritated that Heaven does not mean becoming an angel. I also appreciate your mentioning the fact that we as adopted sons and daughters of God the Father are in fact joined with Christ in a fashion angels will never experience. That the Heavenly hosts know this and serve us without envy is truly a lesson in humility.

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    the bible does state

    'we will become LIKE the angels'

    it also states

    'we will sit in judgment of angles'

     

    i think people seem to miss the 'like' why would I want to become an angle anyway? i want to be what i'm supposed to be.

     

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    I would really appreciate some additional insights into how we adopted sons and daughters hold a place "superior" to the angels.  I know that Scripture speaks of our salvation as a mystery that angels long to look into, but its imagery also presents the seraphim and "four living creatures" as being closer to God's heavenly throne than the human elders who serve before Him.  The Old Testament also refers to the angels as "sons of God."  I have always thought of us as being related as brothers, both angels and men being adopted into God's Family through the Son – the angels through Him in His pre-existence and we men through the Incarnation.  But we both share in the One Life of the Trinity.  In turn, I have thought of the angels' service to us as an illustration of the principle our Lord Jesus communicated in the Gospel: "the greatest among you must serve the least…I came not to be served but to serve."  I am very interested to hear others thoughts.

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    Dannycomelately, Lwall has decided not to post on this site anymore. We will not be talking about him, either.

  7. Guest Avatar
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    I believe the traditional interprations of the words of paul I quoted has something to do with our entry into haven being a judgment against the fallen angles who are not in heaven.

     

     

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    also, the angles are supior to us in many ways … and the jews are refered to as 'sons of God' even before the comming of Jesus.  however, God never became an angle.  That is a singular honor granted to man.

  9. Guest Avatar
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    Fishman, yes – I agree completely that the incarnation of the Son is a dignity granted to our species alone.  What I am looking for a bit more light on however is Mark's statement that, "Since the Incarnation, even a mighty archangel like Gabriel is now less than the least in the kingdom of heaven, because by grace we have been given something the angels can only admire: participation in the divine nature by baptism."

    Aren't the angels participants in the divine nature as well though, not through baptism but through a gift of grace?  Haven't they too become "sons in the Son"?  When Jesus said that the least in the Kingdom of God was greater than John the Baptist, wasn't he referring to the chronology of this world?  That those living in the Kingdom were experiencing a greater manifestation of the reign of God than John or any of the prophets before him?  John the Baptist, in heaven, now participates in the divine nature – just as we began to in baptism.  As do the angels.

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    skapler – This is not a complete answer, but I think it in part has to do with the fact that God became incarnate. He took on matter for our sake and exalted it above the spiritual "stuff" that angels are made of. In that way, because we are made of matter and have this in common with Jesus, we have been conferred a dignity greater than that of the angels. Angels are not "sons in the son" the way we are–we are like Jesus because he became like us.

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    schefter – Thank you for your words. It seems to me too that the angels were made "sons in the Son" in a different than you and I.  And even as a man, our Lord Jesus is clearly exalted above the angels.  I can agree that the incarnation bestows a "dignity" on humanity that isn't shared in by the angels.  I still have an uneasiness with Mark's choice of wording (even if he is one of my favorite Catholic writers):  "Since the Incarnation, even a mighty archangel like Gabriel is now less than the least in the kingdom of heaven, because by grace we have been given something the angels can only admire: participation in the divine nature by baptism. "

    After all, the angels are members of the one mystical Body of Christ.  Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael are called by the title of Saint.  New Advent's Catholic Encyclopedia states it this way: "St. Thomas teaches (III:8:4) that the angels, though not redeemed, enter the communion of saints because they come under Christ's power and receive of His gratia capitis."  If angels are part of the Mystical Body, sharing in the same supernatural life as men, I can't see how they are "less than the least in the kingdom of heaven." 

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    Maybe I shouldn't just skim, but my question (I'm not saying right or wrong…just this is the question that pops up into my head):

    Does "saint" equate to "mystical Body of Christ"?

    I certainly agree that angels are among the communion of saints because "saint" means "holy".  But I don't equate "saint" with "Body of Christ".  I don't believe angels are part of the Body of Christ.

  13. Guest Avatar
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    Great article, Mark.  As a point of interest, how many of you have

    asked the good Lord to reveal to you your guardian angel's "name"?  At

    the suggestion of a friend, I prayed before the Blessed Sacrament and

    simply asked Our Lord to reveal my guardian angels's name.  Then I

     waited and listened and sure enough, a name came to me.  You

    really can be on a first name basis with your guardian angel!

  14. Guest Avatar
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    I actually never asked.  At least for my kids…I figured that's what middle names must be for.  So when I talk to my kids' guardian angels, I use their middle names.

    Don't like that idea for my own, though…so next time I'm before the Blessed Sacrament, I'll ask!

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    Just to be in God's presence is to be completely content. Angels are in His Presence. They never lacked the Beatific Vision so they don't entertain questions as to what it would be like to be sons. Those that did were damned, which suggests that in their nature free will is present also. To contemplate who is greater or lesser in God's Kingdom is a circular pursuit because once we say that the angels are lesser and are the servants, automatically puts them in front of the line. The statement that the only authentic Christian ministry is service gives us a clue that we will also in some way have to serve the angels as they are serving us now. Perhaps we will be paying them back from our positions as 'sons' and 'daughters'. The angels already have so much of God's nature and glory that I don't think they envy us at all. The devils are the ones that are jealous. This is all fun speculation and I'm sure we would gladly take the nature and job of an angel if it was offered.

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    The Multiverse interpretation is worse than a denial of God.  It replaces God with the proverbial infinite number of monkeys and we just happen to be in the universe which had the complete works of Shakespeare typed up.

     

    The UFO movement is probably the best example of people who really want angels to exist, but are incapable of accepting God. 

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    Actually, I think the multiverse interpretation is exactly "equivalent" to the single universe theory.  In the end, how did it begin?  Whether this one or the one 9×10^10000000 ago?

    It's just a delaying of the ultimate question that science can and never will answer.

  18. Guest Avatar
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    On the "multiverse" question, I'd like to propose a thought and see what kind of response there is.

    We've all seen the pictures of "space", with dozens/hundreds/thousands of galaxies–some like ours, some not.  So, why not another galaxy with an equivalent of earth on which might live some beings–humanoid or not?  Is it possible that they have a "history", and if so, did they have an "original" origin (like Adam and Eve for us)?  What would their world look like IF their original origin had sinned like ours?  What would their world look IF THEY HADN'T? 

    If your mind isn't feeling like a pretzel, yet, try adding what would HEAVEN look like either way? 

  19. Guest Avatar
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    The real question is, "Do they have a soul?"  Otherwise, it doesn't matter if there are other organizms or not…beings or not.

    It does dizzy the brain a bit, at which point, I can only fall back on hope.  That is, I can only speculate that God would make sure they are taken care of ("saved"?) like He cares for us.  Beyond that, we can only speculate to the ridiculous.

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    lpioch – you had asked whether the terms "saint" and "mystical Body of Christ" were equivalent.  Yes, in that saints are members of Christ's Mystical Body, the Church.  As the Catechism (946) states, "What is the Church if not the assembly of all the saints?  The communion of saints is the Church."  The angels share in this communion (as we see by the title "Saint" being given to Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael) as do we; "Already here on earth the Christian life shares by faith in the blessed company of angels and men united in God" (CCC 336).

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    Ipioch – Your statement about beginnings, whether of our universe or some hypothetical multiverse, is basically what is called the cosmological argument for God's existence. But as Mark Shea pointed out in Angels 1, the multiverse theory is designed to get around what is called the design argument for God's existence: the fact that this universe is so incredibly well suited for life. Once you decide there are oh-so-many universes, it is not so hard to understand that one of them should turn out to be oh-so-right while the overwhelming majority are pure garbage.

    By the way, I think Mark seriously underestimates the odds. He did not factor in the remarkable fact, mentioned by Italian scientist Enrico Medi in an address to the Eucharistic Congress of Rome in September 1971: all electrons, protons, mesons and neutrons of which matter is made up are identical. One would expect all subatomic particles in a random universe to vary in mass, charge, etc. no two exactly alike. Yet, to grow and reproduce, organisms need to be able to assimilate stuff that, at bottom, is just like the basic stuff of their bodies.

    You can read an excerpt of Medi's speech in Catholicism and Reason, by C.R. Publications. It was also quoted by Pope John Paul in his general audience of July 17, 1985.

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    Cooky642, one of my favorite science fiction novels is Out of the Silent Planet, by the same C.S. Lewis who wrote The Chronicles of Narnia, in which he describes no less than three different intelligent species on Mars, none of which have original sin. He also describes a struggle on Venus in Perelandra between a Satan-like figure and a man named Ransom, both of them trying to influence a counterpart of Eve, one to get her to sin like Eve did, the other to keep her from falling.

    There are angels in both books, but they are called eldils to protect readers from all the connotations the word "angel" has for them. I believe C.S. Lewis had just the right attitude towards them, very much in line with what Mark Shea wrote in this second installment.

  23. Guest Avatar
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    skaplar – we are not "just" "sons in the Son" but are part of the Bride of Christ. The intimacy associated with the nuptial analogy is what draws us closer to God than the angels. This is also something the angels do not participate in.

  24. Guest Avatar
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    Yes and yet we know that angels adore Christ in the Eucharist.  Did you ever think about what your Guardian Angel is doing during Mass? Sometime when children are being noisy in Mass I will pray to their Angels to quiet them.

    I wonder, if you do not attend Mass does your Guardian Angel go without you, or is he forced to stay with you and weep that you did not go? Or maybethe spacial difference between you house nd your church does not even matter to your Angel and he attends Mass even while he stays by you, but in sorrow because you aren't there.

    Have you ever assisted at a Mass where there was almost "no one" there and yet had the feeling that the church was full?

  25. Guest Avatar
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    fjindra – You bring up the nuptial analogy.  It is just that, analogy.  Ultimately we are called to image Father, Son, and Spirit in their complete gift of Self to each other.  I think we have to acknowledge that the angles make a complete gift of self, albeit not bodily.  They too are called to share in the Life of God by the gift of grace.

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